roughly
roughly
英[ˈrʌfli]美[ˈrʌfli]
adv.粗略地，大体上，大致上，粗暴地；
比较级：more roughly;
*高级：most roughly;
例句
He wanted to trace roughly.他想草草地勾画。
If you treat your coat so roughly,it will be worn out soon.你如果这么糟蹋你的外套,它很快就不能穿了。
Many of the prisoners were roughly handled; some were killed.很多囚犯受到了粗暴的对待；有些甚至被整死了。
Sam put the cat out of the door roughly.萨姆粗暴地把猫赶出门外。
He shoved me roughly aside.他粗暴地把我推到了一边。
The little boy was pushed roughly aside.小男孩被粗暴地推到一边。
He pushed her roughly out of the door.他粗鲁地把她推出门外。
The company employs men and women in roughly equal proportions.公司聘用的男员工与女员工人数大致相等。
The amount of food a child needs is roughly proportional to its size.小孩需要的食物量与他的个头大致成比例。
The island is roughly circular in shape.这个岛屿大致是圆形的。
同义词解析
以下这些副词均有"大约，差不多" 的意思
almost ：指在程度上相差很小，差不多。
nearly与almost含义基本相同，侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。
about ：常可分almost和nearly换用，但about用于表示时间、数量的"大约"时，实际数量可能多也可能少。
approximately ：多用于书面语，指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。
around ：多用于非正式场合，常见于美国英语。
roughly ：指按精略估计，常代替about。
英语四级真题
According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted for roughly twothirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2013.
出自-2016年12月阅读原文More than 15% of the workforce are jobless or underemployed — roughly 25 million workers.
出自-2013年6月阅读原文According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted for roughly two-thirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2013.
2016年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section BBut instead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divide in the district, which has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly along racial lines.
2018年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section BIn a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few yea
2019年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section BRoughly half of all federally-convicted animal fighters only get probation(缓刑).
2016年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section ARoughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turning friends away from your home.
2018年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C英语六级真题
This approach has led over time to a fall in smoking with numbers having roughly halved since the 1970s.
出自-2016年12月阅读原文A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetna revealed that roughly one quarter of those taking in-office yoga and mindfulness classes reported a 28% reduction in their stress levels and a 20% improvement in sleep quality.
出自-2016年12月阅读原文Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murdervictims.
出自-2015年12月听力原文Among public colleges and universities, the number drops to roughly one in 10.
出自-2013年12月阅读原文Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one month's supply.
出自-2013年6月阅读原文Of the roughly 40 million books in US libraries, for example, an estimated 32 million are in copyright.
出自-2011年12月阅读原文Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation.
出自-2011年6月阅读原文At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years
出自-2011年6月阅读原文A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetna revealed that roughly one quarter of those taking in-office yoga and mindfulness classes reported a 28% reduction in their stress levels and a 20% improvement in sleep quality.
2016年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section BProvided you have not cheated by consulting an atlas, you will notice something rather surprising— the two lists will contain roughly the same number of states, but they will not be identical.
2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section CThey were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of rain systems.
2015年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section CWe're looking at roughly 80 percent loss of ice cover on the Arctic Ocean in 10 years, roughly 10 years, and 100 percent loss in nearly 20 years.
2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典释义
ADJ-GRADED
(表面)粗糙不平的，不光滑的
If a surface is rough, it is uneven and not smooth.
例句
His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice...由于多年练习空手道，他的双手粗糙不平，布满老茧。Grace made her way slowly across the rough ground.格雷斯缓慢地走过高低不平的地面。ADJ-GRADED
(人或行为)粗暴的，粗野的，粗鲁的
You say that people or their actions are rough when they use too much force and not enough care or gentleness.
例句
Rugby's a rough game at the best of times...即使是在比赛*不激烈的时候，橄榄球也是一种粗野的运动。They have complained of discrimination and occasional rough treatment.他们抗议遭受歧视，而且偶尔还会遭到粗暴的对待。ADJ-GRADED
(地区、城市、学校等)危险的，充斥暴力的，犯罪率高的
A rough area, city, school, or other place is unpleasant and dangerous because there is a lot of violence or crime there.
例句
It was quite a rough part of our town.这是我们城里犯罪率很高的地区。ADJ-GRADED
(日子)艰难的，困难的，不愉快的
If you say that someone has had a rough time, you mean that they have had some difficult or unpleasant experiences.
例句
All women have a rough time in our society...在我们的社会中，所有女性的日子都不好过。Tomorrow, he knew, would be a rough day.他知道明天将会是艰难的一天。ADJ-GRADED
身体不适的;不舒服的
If you feel rough, you feel ill.
例句
The virus won't go away and the lad is still feeling a bit rough.病*无法清除，这个小伙子仍然觉得有点不舒服。ADJ-GRADED
(计算、猜测)大概的，粗略的，不精确的
A rough calculation or guess is approximately correct, but not exact.
例句
We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required...我们只能对所需燃料作一个粗略的估计。As a rough guide, a horse needs 2.5 per cent of his body weight in food every day.作为一个大致的参照，一匹马每天需要吃相当于其体重2.5％的食物。ADJ-GRADED
(想法、描述)粗略的，简略的，大致的;(图画)简笔的
If you give someone a rough idea, description, or drawing of something, you indicate only the most important features, without much detail.
例句
I've got a rough idea of what he looks like...我已经大致知道他长什么样子了。It often helps to make a rough sketch showing where the vehicles were.画一个简略的草图标示车辆当时所在的位置往往很有用。ADJ-GRADED
做工粗糙的;不精致的;简陋的
You can say that something is rough when it is not neat and well made.
例句
...a rough wooden table.做工粗糙的木桌子...chairs set in a rough circle in the middle of the room.房间中央大致围成一圈的椅子ADJ-GRADED
(天气)恶劣的，狂风暴雨的;(海面)波浪滔天的
If the sea or the weather at sea is rough, the weather is windy or stormy and there are very big waves.
例句
A fishing vessel and a cargo ship collided in rough seas.一艘捕鱼船和一艘货船在波涛汹涌的海上相撞了。ADV
风餐露宿地;无家可归地;流浪地
When people sleep or live rough, they sleep out of doors, usually because they have no home.
例句
It makes me so sad when I see young people begging or sleeping rough on the streets.我看到年轻人沿街乞讨、露宿街头，心里会非常难过。VERB
过（从前没有过的）艰苦的生活
If you have to rough it, you have to live without the possessions and comforts that you normally have.
例句
You won't be roughing it; each room comes equipped with a telephone and a 3-channel radio.你不会过得太艰苦;每个房间都配备了一部电话和一台可以接收3个频道的收音机。英汉词典释义
adv.
粗略地;大体上;大致上
He roughly examined the old records.他粗略地检查了一下旧记录。He roughly outlined the plot of the opera.他粗略地概述了歌剧的情节。The newspaper reports of the discussion only roughly approximated to what was actually said.报纸上只是粗略地报道了这次讨论的大概情况。The crater was two miles across and roughly circular.这个火山口2 英里宽，差不多是一个圆形。The island is roughly circular in shape.这个岛屿大致是圆形的。The amount of food a child needs is roughly proportional to its size.小孩需要的食物量与他的个头大致成比例。The company employs men and women in roughly equal proportions.公司聘用的男员工与女员工人数大致相等。粗暴地;粗鲁地
He pushed her roughly out of the door.他粗鲁地把她推出门外。The little boy was pushed roughly aside.小男孩被粗暴地推到一边。He shoved me roughly aside.他粗暴地把我推到了一边。Sam put the cat out of the door roughly.萨姆粗暴地把猫赶出门外。Many of the prisoners were roughly handled; some were killed.很多囚犯受到了粗暴的对待；有些甚至被整死了。If you treat your coat so roughly,it will be worn out soon.你如果这么糟蹋你的外套,它很快就不能穿了。粗乱地;随便地
He wanted to trace roughly.他想草草地勾画。英英词典释义
Adverb
1. (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct;
"lasted approximately an hour""in just about a minute""he's about 30 years old""I've had about all I can stand""we meet about once a month""some forty people came""weighs around a hundred pounds""roughly $3,000""holds 3 gallons, more or less""20 or so people were at the party"2. with roughness or violence (`rough' is an informal variant for `roughly');
"he was pushed roughly aside""they treated him rough"3. with rough motion as over a rough surface;
"ride rough"
